The unique properties of the neutron make it a potentially valuable to
ol for industrial research, but for historical reasons, its applicatio
n in this area has been rather limited. The last few years have seen a
n increase in the number of industrial laboratories which have availed
themselves of the enormous potential of the neutron to characterize n
ovel materials and processes which impact technology. We give a brief
overview of some of these applications, with particular reference to t
he petroleum and chemical industries.