In every state, grandparents have the legal right to go to court to se
ek visitation with their grandchildren. Visitation laws have evolved t
oward more expansive rights for grandparents that reduce the parents'
relative legal authority. Psychological research suggests that court-o
rdered visitation imposed in high-conflict situations over parental op
position may be detrimental to children. Grandparents who take on pare
nting roles for their grandchildren may become involved in legal custo
dy disputes. The custodial relationships that can be created between g
randparents and grandchildren include formal custody, foster care, gua
rdianship, and adoption.