Two sites on the western Waikato coast were investigated by pollen ana
lysis. Airstrip Bog (alt. 135 m) contained an unbroken record of Late
Otiran vegetation from >23 400 +/- 340 years BP to <16 050 +/- 180 yea
rs BP. Cold wet conditions existed between 25 000 and 20 000 years BP.
Subalpine shrubs grew on the bog and at least two species of Nothofag
us on the surrounding hills. Low temperatures with increasing aridity
followed, and the bog flora was much reduced. After 17 200 years BP it
became warmer and wetter; Nothqfagus extended its range. Throughout t
he last 10 000-year record, coastal lowland species including Ascarina
contributed pollen to the spectrum. Deep Hole, the second site (2 m a
.s.l.), records the existence of a lagoon developed behind a rock sill
subsequent to the high Holocene sea level c. 6500 years BP. Drainage
of the lagoon occurred about 2610 years BP, and the site passed throug
h seral changes until these were interrupted by human intervention. Fu
scospora pollen was tentatively identified as N. truncata. Agathis pol
len was found only at Deep Hole and only in European times (past 150 y
ears). This study provides the first information on the late Pleistoce
ne vegetation of coastal Waikato and shows the continuity of forest at
low altitudes through glacial times. It establishes the presence of t
wo species of Nothofagus and indicates that N. truncata was present in
the vicinity of both sites. The study supports other work indicating
Agathis was still advancing southwards in the past 150 years.