IMMUNE-RESPONSES TO HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS (HIV) TYPE-1 INDUCEDBY CANARYPOX EXPRESSING HIV-1(MN) GP120, HIV-1(SF2) RECOMBINANT GP120, OR BOTH VACCINES IN SERONEGATIVE ADULTS

A safety and immunogenicity trial was conducted in vaccinia-immune and vaccinia-naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-uninfected adults w ho were randomized to receive 10(6) or 10(7) TCID50 of canarypox (ALVA C) vector expressing HIV-1(MN) gp160 or 10(5.5) TCID50 of ALVAC-rabies virus glycoprotein control at 0 and 1 or 2 months and ALVAC-gp160 or 50 mu g of HIV-1(SF2) recombinant (r) gp12O in microfluidized emulsion at 9 and 12 months; others received rgp120 at 0, 1, 6, and 12 months. All vaccines were well-tolerated. Neither vaccinia-immune status befo re vaccination nor ALVAC dose affected HIV immune responses. HIV-1(MN) and HIV-1(SF2) neutralizing antibodies were detected more often (100% ) in ALVAC-gp160/rgp120 recipients than in recipients of ALVAC-gp160 ( <65%) or rgp120 (89%) alone. ALVAC-gp160/rgp120 also elicited more fre quent HIV V3-specific and fusion-inhibition antibodies, antibody-depen dent cellular cytotoxicity, lymphoproliferation, and cytotoxic CD8(+) T cell activity than did either vaccine alone. Trials with ALVAC expre ssing additional HIV components and rgp120 are underway.