Juvenile recurrent parotitis is a common cause of inflammatory salivar
y gland swelling in children. A variety of aetiological factors has be
en proposed for the condition. Here we present a family where four mem
bers had juvenile recurrent parotitis and where two other family membe
rs may have had an atypical form of the condition. The segregation pat
tern in the family is consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance w
ith incomplete penetrance and this suggests that, at least in some cas
es, genetic factors may be implicated in juvenile recurrent parotitis.