Ma. Mcguire et al., PALLADIUM AND NICKEL-CATALYZED HYDROXYCARBONYLATION OF A STEROIDAL BROMODIENE IN THE SYNTHESIS OF EPISTERIDE, A POTENT 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE INHIBITOR, Synthetic communications, 28(9), 1998, pp. 1611-1615
Androst-4-en-3-one-17 beta-carboxylic acid 1 was converted to 3-bromo-
N-(1,1-dimethylethyl) androsta-3,5-diene-17-beta-carboxamide 2 by reac
tion with DMF/oxalyl bromide and quenching into t-butylamine. 2 was co
nverted to 3 (R=H) by nickel cyanide catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation or
palladium (0) catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation.