The control of onchocerciasis has grown over the last two decades to a
ttain global dimensions. This rapid growth poses challenges that are t
echnical and managerial in nature. Appropriate control measures have t
o be applied to eliminate the disease as a worldwide, public-health pr
oblem and prevent the problem recurring. Novel tools and innovative ap
proaches, both for control and surveillance activities, will have to b
e developed. The health systems of the affected countries need not onl
y to be directly involved in control activities but also to direct ope
rations and have adequate resources to run them successfully.