A number of tissues, including the brain, pituitary, immune system, pl
acenta, mammary gland, and testis, may be self-contained units of CH r
egulation, production, and action. The production of CH and CH-releasi
ng factors outside the hypothalamo-pituitary axis complements, rather
than replaces, the traditional endocrine interactions between GH-relea
sing factors, GH, and its target tissues.