STATUS EPILEPTICUS INCREASES CSF LEVELS OF NEURON-SPECIFIC ENOLASE AND ALTERS THE BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is a sensitive marker of brain damage in stroke, global ischemia, and coma. Serum NSE is also correlated with the duration and outcome of status epilepticus (SE). CSF-NSE levels ha ve not been previously reported in SE. We report the CSF concentration s of NSE in 11 patients with cryptogenic/remote symptomatic SE. CSF ob tained within 24 hours of SE showed increased concentrations of NSE in 9 of 11 patients. The mean CSF-NSE for the group was elevated compare d with the levels for normal control subjects (30.8 +/- 18.33 versus 1 0.76 +/- 3.08 ng/mL; p = 0.002). Further, CSF-NSE levels were elevated compared with simultaneous serum levels in the same group of patients (p = 0.01). In addition, the CSF/serum albumin ratio (QAlb), a measur e of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, was increased in SE pat ients compared with control individuals (33.4 versus 4.79 X 10(-3);p = 0.0001). An increase of QAlb correlated with CSF-NSE (r(s) = 0.66, p = 0.04) and serum NSE levels (r(s) = 0.83, p = 0.004). CSF-NSE is a pr omising in vivo marker for brain injury after SE.