If Epstein et al. are right that adult second language learners have f
ull access to UG, then all of the following should be true: adults sho
uld be able to consciously transform their I-Language; adults should b
e able to transform pidgins into creoles; adults should be as likely a
s children to restructure their grammars on the basis of ''functional'
' pressure. All the foregoing are false, however, which seriously call
s into question the correctness of their hypothesis.