ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE - AN ANALYSIS OF SUPERFUND SITES IN FLORIDA

In this study we investigate the spatial relationship between Superfun d sites and the racial, ethnic, and economic characteristics of the ar eas surrounding those sites in the state of Florida. Unlike many previ ous environmental justice studies, we examine census tracts rather tha n larger aggregates such as counties or zip codes. We also look at the problem of environmental injustice longitudinally by analyzing Census data from 1970, 1980, and 1990. Such an analysis not only allows us t o detect potential environmental inequality, but also to postulate on the nature and origins of this injustice. Overall, our findings indica te that Blacks and Hispanics are more likely to live near Superfund ha zardous waste sites, but income and poverty indicators do not predict the location of sites. The spatial association between race, ethnicity , and Superfund sites is increasing over time, leading us to conclude that the likely cause of much of the recent environmental injustice un covered in our results stems from indirect, rather than direct, forms of discrimination.