BLACK-HOLE ENERGY-RELEASE TO THE GASEOUS UNIVERSE

We estimate the energy release of black hole formation to the intra-cl uster medium of the Coma cluster and find that this is comparable to t he present day energy content. Therefore an energetic and maybe hydros tatic influence is possible. Our calculations rely on the assumption o f an universal black hole to galaxy mass ratio (more exactly: spheroid al mass component of the stellar population), for which there is growi ng evidence. On a cosmological scale, there is also an energy release of black hole formation comparable to what is expected to be present w ithin the thermal gas, caused by the process of structure formation. T his indicates an important dynamical influence, neglected by present d ay structure formation simulations. This estimate of cosmological blac k hole energy release is independent of the black hole to galaxy mass ratio, but consistent with its value.