B. Vallone et al., FREE-ENERGY OF BURYING HYDROPHOBIC RESIDUES IN THE INTERFACE BETWEEN PROTEIN SUBUNITS, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United Statesof America, 95(11), 1998, pp. 6103-6107
We have obtained an experimental estimate of the free energy change as
sociated with variations at the interface between protein subunits, a
subject that has raised considerable interest since the concept of acc
essible surface area was introduced by Lee and Richards [Lee, E. & Ric
hards, F. M. (1971) J. Mol. Biol. 55, 379-400], We determined by analy
tical ultracentrifugation the dimer-tetramer equilibrium constant of f
ive single and three double mutants of human Kb, One mutation is at th
e stationary alpha(1) beta(1) interface, and all of the others are at
the sliding alpha(1) beta(2) interface where cleavage of the tetramer
into dimers and ligand-linked allosteric changes are known to occur. A
surprisingly good linear correlation between the change in the free e
nergy of association of the mutants and the change in buried hydrophob
ic surface area was obtained, after corrections for the energetic cost
of losing steric complementarity at the ap dimer interface, The slope
yields an interface stabilization free energy of -15 +/- 1.2 cal/mol
upon burial of 1 Angstrom(2) of hydrophobic surface, in very good agre
ement with the theoretical estimate given by Eisenberg and McLachlan [
Eisenberg, D. & McLachlan, A. D. (1986) Nature (London) 319, 199-203].