CELL CYCLE-ASSOCIATED ACCUMULATION OF TISSUE INHIBITOR OF METALLOPROTEINASES-1 (TIMP-1) IN THE NUCLEI OF HUMAN GINGIVAL FIBROBLASTS

We first confirmed an earlier immunohistochemical study showing that i mmunoreactive TIMP-1-like protein accumulated in the nuclei of human g ingival fibroblasts (Gin-1 cells), reaching a maximum in the S phase o f the cell cycle (Li, H., Nishio, K., Yamashita, K., Hayakawa, T. and Hoshino, T. (1995), Nagoya J. Med. Sci. 58, 133-142), Then we isolated this protein from a nuclear extract of Gin-1 cells and demonstrated i t to be identical to human recombinant TIMP-1 by western blotting, by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay for TIMP-1 and by an assay for matrix me talloproteinase inhibition. The amount of TIMP-1 in the cytosolic frac tion of quiescent Gin-1 cells after stimulation by fetal calf serum in creased continuously for 48 hours, whereas that in the nuclear extract showed a maximum at 24 hours (S phase) and significantly decreased th ereafter. Gin-1 cells expressed mRNAs for both TIMP-2 and TIMP-3 toget her with mRNA for TIMP-1, However, neither TIMP-2 nor TIMP-3 proteins seemed to accumulate in the nuclei of Gin-1 cells. These facts strongl y suggest that TIMP-1 accumulates specifically in the nuclei of Gin-1 cells in a cell cycle-dependent manner.