In this paper I develop a neo-Schumpeterian model of induced technical
change where firms/polluters determine their effort in environment-sa
ving technical change. Two technological scenarios are distinguished d
epending on whether basic research is endogenous or exogenous. Buildin
g on this analytical setting, I show that in the presence of non-linea
r adjustment costs the choice of instruments of environmental policy s
hould be tailored to the actual characteristics of the firms'/polluter
s' technological environment. Moreover, this analysis confirms that se
arching for efficient environmental policy mixes is more rewarding tha
n focusing on single instruments, notably pollution taxation.