ENTRY OF ALPHAHERPESVIRUSES MEDIATED BY POLIOVIRUS RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN-1 AND POLIOVIRUS RECEPTOR

A human member of the immunoglobulin superfamily was shown to mediate entry of several alphaherpesviruses, including herpes simplex viruses (HSV) 1 and 2, porcine pseudorabies virus (PRV), and bovine Herpesviru s 1 (BHV-1). This membrane glycoprotein is poliovirus receptor-related protein 1 (Prr1), designated here as HveC, Incubation of HSV-1 with a secreted form of HveC inhibited subsequent infection of a variety of cell lines, suggesting that HveC interacts directly with the virus. Po liovirus receptor (Pvr) itself mediated entry of PRV and BHV-1 but not of the HSV strains tested. HveC was expressed in human cells of epith elial and neuronal origin; it is the prime candidate for the corecepto r that allows both HSV-1 and HSV-2 to infect epithelial cells on mucos al surfaces and spread to cells of the nervous system.