H. Ambrizperez et al., INCORPORATION OF A UPFC MODEL IN AN OPTIMAL POWER-FLOW USING NEWTONS METHOD, IEE proceedings. Generation, transmission and distribution, 145(3), 1998, pp. 336-344
The paper addresses the issue of unified power flow controller (UPFC)
modelling within the context of optimal power flow (OPF) solutions. Th
e nonlinear optimisation problem is solved by Newton's method leading
to highly robust iterative solutions even for cases of large-scale pow
er networks, where hundreds of variables are to be optimised, It is sh
own in the paper that networks modified to include several UPFCs are s
olved with equal reliability. The UPFC model itself is very flexible,
it allows the control of active and reactive powers and voltage magnit
ude simultaneously. It can also be set to control one or more of these
parameters in any combination or to control none of them. Considerabl
e progress has been achieved in UPFC modelling intended for convention
al load flow studies but this is the first time that the more complex
issue of UPFC modelling intended for OFF solutions has been addressed.