EFFECTS OF LODOXAMIDE, DISODIUM-CROMOGLYCATE AND FLUOROMETHOLONE ON TEAR LEUKOTRIENE LEVELS IN VERNAL KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS

Purpose We compared tear leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and leukotriene C4 (LTC 4) levels of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) patients with those of age-matched controls and evaluated the effects of disodium cromoglycat e (DCG) 2%, lodoxamide 0.1% and fluorometholone 0.1% on the tear LTB4 and LTC4 levels of the VKC patients. Methods Thirty VKC patients were divided into three groups and their tear LTB4 and LTC4 levels measured with an enzyme-linked immunoassay technique before and after treatmen t with either lodoxamide 0.1%, DCG 2% or fluorometholone 0.1%. The res ults were compared with the tear LTB4 and LTC4 levels of 10 healthy co ntrol subjects. During this trial period, clinical scores for signs an d symptoms of VKC were also evaluated. Results In the VKC patients med ian tear LTB4 and LTC4 levels were 349.0 pg/ml (range 213.3-707.7 pg/m l) and 225.2 pg/ml (range 196.1-241.1 pg/ml) respectively - significan tly higher than the control group (p = 0.0065 for LTB4 and p = 0.0003 for LTC4). After treatment, LTB4 levels decreased significantly in all treatment groups when compared with baseline (for the lodoxamide grou p, p = 0.01; for the DCG group, p = 0.008; for the fluorometholone gro up, p = 0.045). LTC4 levels were also significantly reduced after trea tment in all three treatment groups (for the lodoxamide group, p = 0.0 209; for the DCG group, p = 0.0284; for the fluorometholone group, p = 0.0109). Conclusions Tear LTB4 and LTC4 levels are significantly high er in VKC patients than controls, which points to a possible role of l ipoxygenase pathway products in the pathophysiology of ocular allergic disorders. Lodoxamide 0.1%, DCG 2% and fluorometholone 0.1% were all effective in reducing LTB4 and LTC4 levels in VKC.