Migrant female domestic workers: Debating the economic, social and political impacts in Singapore

As a small labor-short city-state with over 100,000 migrant domestic worker s mainly from the Philippines, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka and amounting to on e foreign maid to every eight households, Singapore provides a case study o f a country where foreign maids are seen as an economic necessity but not w ithout important social consequences and political ramifications. Beginning with a brief examination of state policy on transnational labor migration relating to female domestic workers, this article goes on to explore the de bates within public discourse as well as private accounts on the impact of foreign maids on a range of issues, including female participation in the w orkforce; the social reproduction of everyday life including the delegation of the domestic burden and the upbringing of the young; the presence of "e nclaves" of foreign nationals in public space; and bilateral relations betw een host and sending countries. It concludes that the transnational labor m igration is a multifaceted phenomenon with important repercussions on all s pheres of life, hence requiring dynamic policy intervention on the part of the authorities concerned.