Annealing of interfaces between SiO2 and (111)Si, (100)Si in H-2 in the tem
perature range 450-800 degrees C is found to introduce a considerable densi
ty (up to 10(13) cm(-2)) of positively charged centres. There is no compara
ble density of dangling bonds initially present nor generated during the an
nealing at the Si/SiO2 interfaces or in the SiO2 layer that could account f
or the observed hydrogen bonding. Therefore, the hydrogen is suggested to b
e trapped in the positively charged valence alternation state 3-fold coordi
nated oxygen resembling the well known hydronium ion (H3O)(+). (C) 1999 Els
evier Science S.A. All rights reserved.