Triazole seed treatments suppress spore production by Puccinia recondita, Septoria tritici, and Stagonospora nodorum from wheat leaves

Treatments of winter wheat seed with the systemic triazole fungicides triad imenol (31 g a.i./100 kg = Baytan 30F at 1.5 fl oz/cwt) and difenoconazole (24 g a.i./100 kg = Dividend 3FS at 1.0 fl. oz/cwt) were tested for effect on asexual sporulation by Puccinia recondita, Septoria tritici, and Stagono spora nodorum. Spore production was measured on seedlings grown in a growth chamber (24 degrees C day/15 degrees C night, 12-h photoperiod) and inocul ated with the pathogens 3, 5, or 7 weeks after sowing. Spore production was converted to a percentage of the non-treated control and regressed against weeks after planting when plants were inoculated. Linear models fit data f or both fungicides against all three pathogens. According to the models, di fenoconazole suppressed sporulation levels of P. recondita and Septoria tri tici to 10% of the levels on plants from non-treated seed for about 3 weeks after sowing. Spore production for all three fungi was suppressed to 25% o f the non-treated level for at least 4.2 weeks and to 50% for at least 6.5 weeks. Similarly, triadimenol suppressed all three pathogens to 50% of the non-treated level for at least 3.2 weeks. The two fungicides showed similar effects against S. tritici; however, difenoconazole showed significantly g reater suppression of sporulation by P. recondita and Stagonospora nodorum compared with triadimenol. Responses occurred even though large concentrati ons of spores were used to inoculate plants and environmental conditions we re optimized for spore production. Reduced sporulation should help protect fall-planted wheat seedlings and may significantly delay epidemics in the f ollowing spring.