Sustainability - Revisiting the commons: Local lessons, global challenges

In a seminal paper, Garrett Hardin argued in 1968 that users of a commons a re caught in an inevitable process that leads to the destruction of the res ources on which they depend. This article discusses new insights about such problems and the conditions most likely to favor sustainable uses of commo n-pool resources. Some of the most difficult challenges concern the managem ent of large-scale resources that depend on international cooperation, such as fresh water in international basins or large marine ecosystems. Institu tional diversity may be as important as biological diversity for our long-t erm survival.