A new assessment of all the Recent taxa of the family Haliotidae is pr
esented. The 17 Recent and one fossil genus-level taxa are evaluated b
ased on their type species. These taxa are recommended not to be used
until a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the family is available
. The approximately 200 nominate, species-level taxa in the Haliotidae
are reviewed. Fifty-five species with ten additional subspecies are c
onsidered valid. The following new synonymies are proposed: Haliotis b
razieri Angas, 1869, + melculus (Iredale, 1927); H. hargravesi Cox, 18
69, + ethologus (Iredale, 1927); H. jacnensis Reeve, 1846, + hanleyi A
ncey, 1881; H. marmorata Linnaeus, 1758, + guineensis Gmelin, 1791, rosacea Reeve, 1846; H. pustulata Reeve, 1846, + jousseaumi Mabille, 1
888; H. rubiginosa Reeve, 1846, + howensis (Iredale, 1929); H. rugosa
Lamarck, 1822, + multiperforata Reeve, 1846, + revelata Deshayes, 1863
; H. striata Linnaeus, 1758, + lamellosa Lamarck, 1822; H. tuberculata
Linnaeus, 1758, + incisa Reeve, 1846, + japonica Reeve, 1846, + retic
ulata Reeve, 1846; H. varia Linnaeus, 1758, + barbouri Foster, 1945, dringii Reeve, 1846, + gemma Reeve, 1846. Haliotis neglecta Philippi,
1848, is resurrected as a valid species from the Mediterranean. Lecto
types for H. multiperforata Reeve, 1846, and H. revelata Deshayes, 186
3, are selected. For all taxa considered valid the geographic distribu
tion and sources of published illustrations are given. Infrequently il
lustrated species are figured.