CHARACTERIZATION OF CYP1B1 AND CYP1A1 EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS - ROLE OF THE ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR IN POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON METABOLISM
Mc. Larsen et al., CHARACTERIZATION OF CYP1B1 AND CYP1A1 EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS - ROLE OF THE ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR IN POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON METABOLISM, Cancer research, 58(11), 1998, pp. 2366-2374
CYP1B1 and CPP1A1 expression and metabolism of 9,12-dimethyl-benz(a)an
thracene (DMBA) have been characterized in early-passage human mammary
epithelial cells (HMECs) isolated from reduction mammoplasty tissue o
f seven individual donors. The level of constitutive microsomal CYP1B1
protein expression mas donor dependent (<0.01-1.4 pmol/mg microsomal
protein), CYP1B1 expression was substantially induced by exposure of t
he cells to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) to levels rangi
ng from 2.3 to 16.6 pmol/mg among the seven donors. Extremely low, rep
roducible levels of constitutive CYP1A1 expression were detectable in
three donors (0.03-0.16 pmol/mg microsomal protein). TCDD inductions w
ere larger for CYP1A1, as compared to CYP1B1, demonstrating substantia
l variability in the induced levels among the donors (0.8-16.5 pmol/mg
). Northern and reverse transcriptase PCR analyses corroborate the don
or-dependent differences in protein expression, whereby CYP1B1 mRNA (5
.2 kb) was constitutively expressed and was highly induced by TCDD (33
-fold), The contributions of CYP1B1 and CYP1A1 to the metabolism of DM
BA were analyzed using recombinant human CYP1B1 and CPP1A1, as referen
ces, in conjunction with antibody-specific inhibition analyses (anti-C
YP1B1 and anti-CYP1A1), Constitutive microsomal activity exhibited a p
rofile of regioselective DMBA metabolism that was characteristic of hu
man CYP1B1 (increased proportions of 5,6- and 10,11-DMBA-dihydrodiols)
, which was inhibited by anti-CYP1B1 (84%) but not by anti-CYP1A1. TCD
D-induced HMEC microsomal DMBA metabolism generated the 8,9-dihydrodio
l of DMBA as the predominant metabolite, with a regioselectivity simil
ar to that of recombinant human CYP1A1, which was subsequently inhibit
ed by anti-CYP1A1 (79%), A CYP1B1 contribution was indicated by the re
gioselectivity of residual metabolism and by anti-CYP1B1 inhibition (2
5%). DMBA metabolism analyses of one of three donors ex-pressing measu
rable basal expression of CYP1A1 confirmed DMBA. metabolism levels equ
ivalent to that from CYP1B1. The HMECs of all donors expressed similar
, very high levels of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and the aryl hydro
carbon nuclear translocator protein, suggesting that aryl hydrocarbon
receptor and aryl hydrocarbon nuclear translocator protein expression
are not responsible for differences in cytochrome P450 expression. Thi
s study indicates that CYP1B1 is an important activator of polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons in the mammary gland when environmental chemical
exposures minimally induce CYP1A1, additionally. certain individuals
express low levels of basal CYP1A1 in HMECs, representing a potential
risk factor of mammary carcinogenesis through enhanced polycyclic arom
atic hydrocarbon bioactivation.