A 17-year-old woman presented with a history of 1-week of headache and
3 days of horizontal diplopia. Examination revealed 20/20 vision in b
oth eyes, no papilledema, and an abduction deficit in her left eye. Lu
mbar puncture revealed an opening pressure of 440 mm H2O. After treatm
ent with acetazolamide, the headache and abduction deficit resolved. P
apilledema never developed. This is a unique case of pseudotumor cereb
ri sine papilledema with a unilateral abduction deficit. We suggest th
at young women with headache and unilateral abduction deficits may be
unrecognized cases of pseudotumor cerebri.