Measured changes in shell length and in the oxygen isotopic compositio
n of shell growth bands were used to determine growth rates and season
of maximum growth of the bivalve mollusc Nucula annulata from unstres
sed and nutrient-enriched environments in Narragansett Bay (Rhode Isla
nd, USA). Clams from unenriched environments grew between 0.55 and 0.9
mm yr(-1). Significant growth was limited to temperatures between 10
and 20 degrees C, in late spring and early fall. Populations in unstre
ssed environments were dominated by high abundances of small clams (<
1 mm in length). Populations from nutrient-enriched environments consi
sted of fewer, larger clams. Data from a 2.3 yr nutrient gradient expe
riment and a 2 mo growth experiment suggest the larger individuals are
simply older clams rarely found in unenriched environments. delta(18)
O temperature values from shell growth bands indicated a shift in the
season of maximum growth from spring to summer for clams in eutrophic
environments. Peak spawning activity of N. annulata usually coincides
with the summer maxima in temperature (22 degrees C) in Narragansett B
ay, The low numbers of juveniles found in enriched environments couple
d with warmer shell growth temperatures imply a decline in successful
reproduction and/or recruitment in eutrophic areas. Deteriorating envi
ronmental conditions associated with nutrient enrichment, i.e. low wat
er column oxygen levels, may also enhance the survivorship of older, l
arger N. annulata possible through a reduction in predation pressure.