SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION AND GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY FOR DETERMINING CHLOROPHENOLS FROM LANDFILL LEACHES AND SOIL

This work evaluates solid-phase microextraction coupled with GC-MS (el ectron impact ionization and negative chemical ionization) to determin e chlorophenols in landfill leaches and soil. A polyacrylate coated fi ber is used to investigate the optimal experimental procedures, which include adsorption time, pH, salt effect, desorption time, temperature and the depth of the fiber in the injector. Detection limits are dete rmined to be in low ng/l range and better than those obtained by US En vironmental Protection Agency methods using a conventional extraction technique for chlorophenols in water. According to the analytical vali dations, the linearity of the absorption ranges from 0.1-100 mu g/l wi th R.S.D.s below 9%. In addition, the feasibility of applying the prop osed method to determine chlorophenols in real samples is examined by analyzing landfill leachate samples and soil samples contaminated with pentachlorophenol. All the studied chlorophenols are determined in th e soil contaminated samples. Moreover, the pentachlorophenol detected in the landfill leachate is estimated in the level of 21.6 mu g/l with an internal standard method. The quantities of the other studied chlo rophenols are at the level of 0.1 mu g/l. The effects of humic acids a nd a surfactant on the extraction of chlorophenols in the landfill lea chate have been studied. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.