W. Sommer et al., THE EXPECTANCIES THAT GOVERN THE P300 AMPLITUDE ARE MOSTLY AUTOMATIC AND UNCONSCIOUS, Behavioral and brain sciences, 21(1), 1998, pp. 149
We argue that probability effects on P300 amplitude are the product of
an automatic frequency detector not subject to voluntary control and
relatively inaccessible to consciousness. ''Expectancies'' related to
P300 therefore appear to be passive, perceptual ones. If probability-b
ased expectancies do become conscious, they are inversely related to P
300, supporting the view of Donchin & Coles (1988).