Cs. Mcenally et Ld. Pfefferle, AN EXPERIMENTAL-STUDY IN NON-PREMIXED FLAMES OF HYDROCARBON GROWTH-PROCESSES THAT INVOLVE 5-MEMBERED CARBON RINGS, Combustion science and technology, 131(1-6), 1998, pp. 323-344
Centerline profiles of temperature, soot volume fraction, and hydrocar
bon concentrations were measured in a methane/air co-flowing non-premi
xed dame whose fuel was doped with cyclopentane, cyclopentene, 1-methy
lcyclopentene, and indene. Soot volume fraction and aromatic species c
oncentrations were significantly increased by the additives, indicatin
g that the presence of C5 ring-containing compounds in fuels has signi
ficant implications for formation of soot and aromatic air toxics in c
ombustion devices. Consideration of the order of the increases indicat
es that they are attributable to direct chemical conversion of the add
itives to aromatic species. Cyclopentene is most likely converted to b
enzene by dehydrogenation to cyclopentadienyl, reaction of the cyclope
ntadienyl with methyl radical to form methylcyclopentadienyl, and dehy
drogenation/isomerization of the methylcyclopentadienyl to benzene. Me
thylcyclopentene is most likely converted to methylcyclopentadiene by
dehydrogenation, followed by the same dehydrogenation/isomerization pr
ocesses, providing an even more efficient route to benzene. Indene und
ergoes an analogous methyl addition process to form naphthalene.