Single layer of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-590) bearing -SH
functional groups was assembled onto the hydroxylated surface of glass
. The terminal -SH groups at the exposed surface were oxidized in situ
into sulfonic acid groups, The acidity and net negative charge of the
sulfonate surface promote the hydrolysis and surface attachment of so
lvated titanium containing species to form TiO2 thin films. Characteri
zation using XPS and AFM shows that the TiO2 films have excellent adhe
rence, pore-free, and fine transparency.