Reversed-phase gradient elution is becoming a method of choice for the
laboratory-scale preparative separation of complex mixtures and for t
he industrial-scale purification of biopolymers. Understanding of band
broadening under overloaded conditions in gradient elution is also de
veloping and many papers based on the simulation of elution profiles h
ave recently been published. They are reviewed with emphasis on the re
sulting optimization schemes for gradient elution preparative separati
ons. The specific problems connected with the preparative chromatograp
hy of peptides and proteins under gradient elution conditions are not
discussed.