URBAN CRACK USERS - GENDER DIFFERENCES IN DRUG-USE, HIV RISK AND HEALTH-STATUS

This study assessed gender differences in drug use, HIV risk, and heal th status in a sample of urban crack users. Using targeted sampling, 1 434 crack users (66% male and primarily African-American and Puerto Ri can), were recruited from the streets of East Harlem, New York City. A standardized, structured interview was administered, drug use was val idated by urinalysis, and HIV testing was offered. Gender differences were observed on sociodemographic variables and patterns of drug use. Other than welfare, men and women cited different major sources of inc ome. Women reported greater use of crack, and men were more likely to use injection drugs as well as crack. Data on sexual risk indicated th at women had more sexual partners than men, but the percentage of unpr otected vaginal sex for both men and women was greater for those who d id not exchange sex for drugs and/or money. The number of persons alre ady infected with HIV was substantial. Many reported histories of othe r sexually transmitted diseases which were generally higher among men. Future research should investigate the relationship between gender an d other factors (e.g., ethnicity, geographic location) associated with HIV risk.