This paper presents several results concerning the vector potential wh
ich can be associated with a divergence-free function in a bounded thr
ee-dimensional domain. Different types of boundary conditions are give
n, for which the existence, uniqueness and regularity of the potential
are studied. This is applied firstly to the finite element discretiza
tion of these potentials and secondly to a new formulation of incompre
ssible viscous flow problems. (C) 1998 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart-John Wi
ley & Sons, Ltd.