KINEMATIC MODELS OF THE BUCCAL MASS OF APLYSIA-CALIFORNICA

The feeding behavior of the marine mollusc Aplysia californica is an i ntensively studied model system for understanding the neural control o f behavior. Feeding movements are generated by contractions of the mus cles of the buccal mass. These muscles are internal and cannot be visu alized during behavior. In order to infer the movements of the muscles of the buccal mass, two kinematic models were constructed. The first kinematic model assumed that the complex consisting of the pincer-like radula and the underlying odontophore was spherical in shape. In this model, the radula/odontophore was moved anteriorly or posteriorly and the more superficial buccal muscles (I1/I3 and I2) were fitted around it. Although the overall buccal mass shapes predicted by this model w ere similar to those observed in vivo during protraction, the shapes p redicted during retraction were very different. We therefore construct ed a second kinematic model in which the shape of the radula/odontopho re was based on the shapes assumed by those structures in vitro when t hey were passively forced into protraction, rest or retraction positio ns, As each of these shapes was rotated, the second kinematic model ge nerated overall shapes of the buccal mass that were similar to those o bserved in vivo during swallowing and tearing, and made predictions ab out the antero-posterior length of the buccal mass and the relative lo cation of the lateral groove. These predictions were consistent with o bservations made in vivo and in vitro. The kinematic patterns of intri nsic buccal muscles I1 and I2 in vivo were estimated using the second model. Both models make testable predictions with regard to the functi ons and neural control of intrinsic buccal muscles I2 and I3.