We report on our systematic investigation of strong Doppler-free two-p
hoton absorption in the middle infrared. The absorption frequencies fo
r two counterpropagating waves of identical frequencies are predicted.
Five of these transitions were observed with sub-Doppler resolution w
ith a sideband CO2 laser and were measured with 10-kHz accuracy. Knowl
edge of these strong two-photon absorptions frequencies will allow the
improvement of secondary frequency standards in the infrared. (C) 199
8 Optical Society of America.