DEPOSITIONAL SEQUENCES IN DEEP-SHELF ENVIRONMENTS FORMED THROUGH CARBONATE-MUD IMPORT FROM THE SHALLOW PLATFORM (LATE OXFORDIAN, GERMAN SWABIAN ALB AND EASTERN SWISS JURA)
B. Pittet et A. Strasser, DEPOSITIONAL SEQUENCES IN DEEP-SHELF ENVIRONMENTS FORMED THROUGH CARBONATE-MUD IMPORT FROM THE SHALLOW PLATFORM (LATE OXFORDIAN, GERMAN SWABIAN ALB AND EASTERN SWISS JURA), Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 91(1), 1998, pp. 149-169
Upper Oxfordian deposits in southern Germany exhibit limestone-mart al
ternations typical of deep-shelf depositional environments. These depo
sits contain varying amounts of brachiopods, echinoderms, foraminifera
(mainly represented by Spirillina, Lenticulina, Usbekistania, Bigener
ina Glomospira and Reophax), cephalopods? sponges and associated encru
sters, and scarce bivalves, ostracods and gastropods. Fragments of rew
orked microbialites (tuberoids, Tubiphytes, nubecularians, bryozoans,
serpulids, and Terebella), and glauconite also occur in variable quant
ities. In one section of the proximal shelf area (eastern Swiss Jura)
there is interfingering of facies dominated by platform-derived elemen
ts (ooids, oncoids, coral fragments, peloids, bivalves, ostracods, gas
tropods) and of facies related to a more parautochthonous, distal sedi
mentation (Rhaxella and other sponge-spicules, brachiopods, Lenticulin
a, Spirillina). The complete record of each ammonite zone as well as t
he recognition of different ammonite horizons suggest that no importan
t sedimentary gap is present For the deep-shelf deposits of southern G
ermany, statistical analysis shows that the higher the total percentag
e of particles is in a sample, the more frequent are glauconite, biotu
rbation, nodularization, cephalopods, sponges, and microbial crusts. W
ackestone and packstone samples thus generally correspond to lower sed
imentation rates than mudstones that reflect a high carbonate-mud sedi
mentation rate. The carbonate mud is thought to be exported from the s
hallow platform because scarce nannofossils and/or insignificant bioer
osion in sponge reefs exclude the possibility of relating carbonate-mu
d variations to changes in autochthonous productivity. Variation in ca
rbonate-mud exportation from the platform towards the deep shelf has t
hus been implied from the relative abundance of particulate elements (
fauna, tuberoids) which are considered as mainly autochthonous or para
utochthonous. Consequently, changes in carbonate mud content in the st
udied deep-shelf settings may be related to carbonate production on th
e shallow platform and to the export dynamics from the platform to dee
per sedimentary environments. Variation in carbonate sedimentation rat
e has been used to interpret depositional sequences in terms of sequen
ce stratigraphy and cyclostratigraphy: constrained by a detailed bio-
and chronostratigraphical framework, a correlation of these sequences
is proposed between the sections in southern Germany and the eastern S
wiss Jura.