CONCURRENT CANINE HYPERADRENOCORTICISM AND DIABETES-MELLITUS - DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

The diagnosis of concurrent canine hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) and diab etes mellitus (DM) can be challenging because the diseases have simila r clinical signs and initial diagnostic findings; in addition; the dis eases are metabolically intertwined because glucocorticoids affect, an d in turn are affected by, metabolism of carbohydrates. Therefore, dia gnosis and treatment of one disease are influenced by the other. Even when MAC is strongly suspected, the veterinarian should achieve some i nsulin-assisted glycemic control before testing adrenal function; The importance of conducting routine urinalysis, urine sediment; and urine culture and sensitivity cannot: be overemphasized. Urinary tract infe ctions may be difficult to diagnose in dogs with concurrent HAC or DM and can be very challenging in dogs with both diseases. Repeated urine cultures, when clinically indicated, may be necessary. Such infection s must not be overlooked because they may cause severe complications. Although the initial diagnosis and treatment of canine HAC and DM may require time and patience, successful control of these disorders can b e achieved.