Mp. Guerra et W. Handro, SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS AND PLANT-REGENERATION IN DIFFERENT ORGANS OF EUTERPE EDULIS MART. (PALMAE) - CONTROL AND STRUCTURAL FEATURES, Journal of plant research, 111(1101), 1998, pp. 65-71
Somatic embryogenesis and further plant regeneration were observed usi
ng zygotic embryos, young inflorescences and young leaves of Euterpe e
dulis (Palmae) as explants, Both for the cultures of zygotic embryos a
nd inflorescences, activated charcoal in the medium was essential for
the establishment of viable cultures, Embryogenesis was induced by usi
ng a gelled basal medium with MS or Euwens salts supplemented by high
2, 4-D levels (50-100 mg L-1), The embryogenic process was direct with
out a callus stage. For further development, cultures with globular or
postglobular embryos were transferred to the basal medium with 2-iP (
2,5 mg L-1) and NAA (0.1 mg L-1.) To convert embryos to plantlets, cul
tures were transferred to a third medium in which sucrose and salts we
re reduced to the half-strenght of the basal medium, without growth re
gulators. In the case of leaves, cultures were initiated on filter pap
er bridges on a liquid medium, with either 2, 4-D or NAA (10-20 mg L-1
). The developmental stage of each explant was critical for the induct
ion of embryogenesis. The histological study of embryogenic cultures r
evealed that in the case of zygotic embryos, somatic embryos arise dir
ectly from the surface of the cotyledonar node, or from subepidermal t
issues. In the inflorescences, a pro-embryogenic tissue is formed at t
he floral primordium region;in the leaves, the first morphogenic event
is cell proliferation in the vascular parenchyma.