THE COMPARISON OF 2 FORMS OF SODIUM AND POTASSIUM AND CHLORIDE VERSUSSULFUR IN THE DIETARY CATION-ANION DIFFERENCE EQUATION - EFFECTS ON ACID-BASE STATUS AND MINERAL BALANCE IN SEDENTARY HORSES

Citation
La. Baker et al., THE COMPARISON OF 2 FORMS OF SODIUM AND POTASSIUM AND CHLORIDE VERSUSSULFUR IN THE DIETARY CATION-ANION DIFFERENCE EQUATION - EFFECTS ON ACID-BASE STATUS AND MINERAL BALANCE IN SEDENTARY HORSES, Journal of equine veterinary science, 18(6), 1998, pp. 389-395
Citations number
41
Categorie Soggetti
Veterinary Sciences
ISSN journal
07370806
Volume
18
Issue
6
Year of publication
1998
Pages
389 - 395
Database
ISI
SICI code
0737-0806(1998)18:6<389:TCO2FO>2.0.ZU;2-6
Abstract
Six mature geldings were randomly assigned treatments within a 6 x 6 L atin square design experiment to study the effects of the Dietary Cati on-Anion Difference equation (DCAD) on acid-base status and mineral ba lance in sedentary horses. Dietary Cation-Anion Difference was calcula ted as: meg ((Na + K) - (Cl + S))/kg diet DM. High (H) diets were form ulated with the addition of sodium citrate (H:NaC), sodium bicarbonate (H:NaB), potassium citrate (H:KC), and potassium bicarbonate (H:KB). Low (L) diets were formulated with the addition of magnesium sulfate ( L:S) and ammonium chloride (L:Cl). Experimental diets consisted of a p elleted base concentrate fed in a 60:40 ratio with native prairie gras s hay, and were fed for a 12-day adjustment period followed by a 72-h sample collection period. Post-feeding venous blood samples were analy zed for the determination of pH and HCO3. Post-feeding urine samples w ere analyzed for the determination of urine pH. Representative samples of feed, feces, and urine were analyzed for mineral content and appar ent mineral balances were calculated by difference. Horses consuming L :Cl and L:S had lower (P < .05) urine pH values as compared to horses consuming all H diets at all intervals measured. Horses consuming L:Cl had lower (P <.05) blood pH values as compared to those consuming all H diets at 10 of 12 intervals measured. Horses consuming L:CI had low er (P <.05) blood HCO, values as compared to those consuming L:S at 6 of 12 intervals measured, and had lower (P < .05) HCO3 values as compa red to those consuming all H diets at all intervals measured. Horses c onsuming H:NaB and H:NaC excreted more Na in the urine (P < .05) and f eces (P < .05) as compared to those consuming all other diets. Horses consuming H:KC and H:KB excreted more (P <.05) K in the urine, and had a lower (P <.05) apparent daily K balance as compared to those consum ing all other diets. Horses consuming L:Cl excreted more (P <.05) Clin the urine as compared to those consuming all other diets. Horses cons uming L:S had greater (P <.05) daily fecal excretion of S as compared to horses consuming all other diets. Horses consuming L:Cl had a lower (P <.05) apparent daily Ca balance as compared to those consuming all other diets, while horses consuming L:S had a lower (P <.05) apparent daily Ca balance as compared to those consuming H:NaB. These data ind icate that the feeding of excess strong cations in relation to anions, regardless of the fed form (bicarbonate or citrate), results in simil ar increases in plasma and urine alkalinity. Also, these data indicate that S needs a modifying coefficient in the DCAD equation, as it does not appear to be as acidogenic as Cl in sedentary horses.