THE MULTICULTURAL MASCULINITY IDEOLOGY SCALE - VALIDATION FROM 3 CULTURAL PERSPECTIVES

The Multicultural Masculinity ideology Scale (MMIS) measures an indivi dual's adaptation and internalization of a culture's norms about how m en should act. This study extends previous research on masculinity ide ology by generating a scale representing multiple cultural perspective s using 190 Chilean, 283 Anglo-American, and 296 African-American unde rgraduates. The psychometric properties of the MMIS were established u sing principal components analysis convergent validity tests, and inte rnal-consistency and test-retest reliability. Two components consisten t across cultures emerged: Hypermasculine Posturing and Achievement. I n addition, there were culturally-specific components. Toughness, Pose , and Responsibility among Chileans; Sensitivity among Anglo-Americans ; and Sexual Responsibility among African-Americans. Results indicate that the MMIS can be useful for examining a variety of research questi ons relating to culture and masculinity.