In this paper, we review industrial energy use and energy intensity tr
ends, and discuss industrial decision making and how it relates to cha
nges in energy intensity. Based on this review, me propose that polici
es that promote technology innovation and investment in process equipm
ent are most likely to lead to greater industrial energy efficiency. W
e propose and analyse four such policies and project that with full im
plementation of these policies, industrial energy consumption and carb
on emissions will be reduced in 2010 by 12.4% and 12.1%, respectively,
over the base case without changing economic growth. Reductions will
increase to 35.65% and 33.1% in 2030. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. A
ll rights reserved.