A case of primary mediastinal germ cell tumor, which demonstrated spon
taneous regression, is presented. The serum human chorionic gonadotrop
in level was elevated on admission and then decreased to the normal ra
nge with decrease in the size of the anterior mediastinal mass. Thorac
otomy was performed with artificial replacement by grafts between the
bilateral brachiocephalic veins and the right atrium. Histological dia
gnosis of combined teratoma with seminoma was made. After subsequent c
hemotherapy, the patient has remained alive without recurrence for ove
r 10 years.