A quenched lattice QCD calculation of the B and D meson decay constant
s is presented. To investigate scaling violation associated with the h
eavy quarks, parallel simulations are carried out employing both Wilso
n and the O(a)-improved clover quark actions. The discretization error
s due to the large b quark mass are estimated with the aid of the nonr
elativistic interpretation approach of El-Khadra, Kronfeld, and Macken
zie [Phys. Rev. D 55, 3933 (1997)]. As the best values from our simula
tions at beta = 5.9, 6.1, and 6.3 we obtain f(B) = 173(4) MeV, f(Bs) =
199(3) MeV for B meson and f(D) = 197(2) MeV, f(Ds) = 224(2) MeV for
D mesons where the errors are statistical. In addition we expect a 5%
(7% for D mesons) systematic error and a 5% error in the uncertainty t
o determine the lattice scale, besides the quenching error, which is n
ot estimated in this Letter.