ZINC-FINGER PROTEINS - A BRIDGE BETWEEN TRANSITION-METALS AND GENE-REGULATION

The zinc finger motif occurs in many proteins that regulate eukaryotic gene expression. This family of proteins is expanding rapidly, and it is now clear that they are involved in biological processes that go b eyond the DNA-binding functions that they are best known for. Here we attempt to outline, in terms of both structure and function, some of t he characteristics of the most thoroughly studied zinc finger proteins , including the classical zinc finger family and the steroid hormone r eceptors. We will then move on to discuss some of the newer members of the zinc finger family, including GATA-1, the LIM domain, GAL4, the R ING finger, and p53. Throughout this review we will keep in mind the r ole metals play in the biological activities of these proteins, and ou tline the means by which transition metals can affect the immensely im portant yet delicate biological tasks these proteins carry out. J. Tra ce Elem. Exp. Med. 11:103-118, 1998. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss,Inc.