DEVELOPMENT OF DOUBLE AND SINGLE HOT THERMOCOUPLE TECHNIQUE FOR IN-SITU OBSERVATION AND MEASUREMENT OF MOLD SLAG CRYSTALLIZATION

To overcome the limitations of differential thermal analysis (DTA) and direct casting experimentation in the measurement and understanding o f the solidification phenomena of mold slags, the double and single ho t thermocouple techniques (DHTT and SHTT) for the direct observation a nd measurement of mold slag crystallization were developed. These meth ods enable the solidification and melting process of transparent slags to be observed ''in situ'' under conditions where the temperature or temperature gradient can be measured and controlled. The SHTT allows a sample to be subjected to rapid cooling rates or to be held under iso thermal conditions. The DHTT allows large temperature gradients to be developed between the two thermocouples and allows a simulation of the transient conditions which can occur in the infiltrated slag film tha t occurs between the mold and the solidifying shell in the mold of a c ontinuous easter. By these techniques both isothermal and non-isotherm al phenomena can be studied. A number of mold slags are optically tran sparent or translucent at steelmaking temperatures while the crystalli ne phase which precipitates upon cooling is opaque and can be clearly observed using optical microscopy. Thus the SHTT and DHTT are connecte d to an image capturing and analysis system that allows the onset and growth of the opaque crystals which precipitate from the slags to be d ocumented. The development and application of these techniques to mold slag crystallization will be discussed in this paper.