I assess the claim that metarepresentation is a key notion in understa
nding the nature and development of our capacity to engage in pretence
. I argue that the metarepresentational programme is unhelpful in expl
aining how pretence operates and, in particular, how agents distinguis
h pretence from belief. I sketch an alternative approach to the relati
ons between pretending and believing. This depends on a distinction be
tween pretending and pretence, and upon the claim that pretence stands
to pretending as truth stands to belief.