The influence of temperature and impurities on the surface orientation
of nematic 5CB on obliquely SiO evaporated glass plates has been stud
ied. We observe on cooling a continuous anchoring transition from the
planar alignment to the tilted one. The experimental data have been in
terpreted by using elastic models developed by Durand and coworkers in
which the surface order parameter can vary in space, close to the sur
face.