Infection of the ischemic lower extremity can represent a formidable c
linical challenge. Successful treatment requires a thorough understand
ing of the pathologic process and therapeutic roles of appropriate ant
ibiotic use, surgical debridement of devitalized tissue, and, when nec
essary, revascularization of the ischemic extremity. Failure to expedi
tiously recognize and control the infectious process may have devastat
ing consequences, including limb amputation, sepsis, and death.