P. Spadtke et al., ION SOURCES FOR ACCELERATORS, Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms, 139(1-4), 1998, pp. 145-149
A survey of different types of ion sources used for accelerator applic
ations is given. Typical problems like the source life lime, or the sp
ecial need for technical solutions for specific elements will demonstr
ate the advantage of each type of ion source. In any case reliability
is a main topic. Besides the plasma generation of the desired element,
beam formation and beam transport to the accelerator are discussed. T
he influence of space charge on the beam transport can be of great imp
ortance if there is no space-charge compensation. Typical results achi
eved at GSI will be given for the following source types: Penning Ion
Source (PIG), Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR), Cold or Hot Reflex D
ischarge Ion Source (CHORDIS), Multicusp Ion Source (MUCIS) and MEVVA.
(C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.