D. Schmeltzer, U -] INFINITY PROBLEM FOR A FINITE HOLE CONCENTRATION - A BOSONIZATION APPROACH FOR THE NORMAL-STATE HIGH-T(C) SUPERCONDUCTORS, Physical review. B, Condensed matter, 48(14), 1993, pp. 10466-10481
The Hubbard model in the strong coupling limit is considered in two di
mensions. A bosonization method based on the extention of the Jordan-W
iper transformation to particles with spin and no double occupancy is
introduced. We find that at T = 0 a Fermi liquid exists and supercondu
ctivity appears. For a finite temperature and finite doping a normal s
tate populated with vortices exists. As a result, we have a normal sta
te with separated charge- and spin-density-wave excitations. Formally
those excitations can be described with the help of the Luttinger-liqu
id representation. In the second part we parametrize the Fermi surface
by a set of N points. Around each point we describe the Fermi surface
excitations by holons and spinons and find a set of N-coupled Lutting
er channels. At T = 0 we have space-time tunneling of electric charges
which destroys the Luttinger liquid in favor of a Fermi liquid. At T
not-equal 0 or LT --> infinity (L is the size of the system) tunneling
of electric charges might be prohibited giving rise to gapless excita
tions. In the last part we consider the case with a commensurate froze
n flux in the ground state. As a result we find that the excitations a
re semions.